加拿大Sudbury盆地岩浆硫化物镍矿床成因典型性研究与找矿标志分析

    Typical genesis study and mining exploration sign of magmatic sulphide deposit in Canada Sudbury Basin

    • 摘要: 岩浆硫化物矿床中富含镍、铜等基本金属元素,部分矿床含有铂族元素(PGE)。目前全球每年近60%的镍产量出自此类矿床,并且也是全球勘探市场中最为活跃的勘探目标矿床之一。加拿大安大略省内部广阔的Sudbury盆地,边缘勘探发现并转产了一批大型矿山,前人综合研究认为盆地成因为外太空陨石撞击。鉴于外力作用来源清晰,有利于矿床成因的综合分析研究。Sudbury镍硫化物矿床的成因可简要概括为:陨石作用撞击使局部地壳产生大量深部裂隙,激发并影响岩浆喷发作用,导致岩浆与上覆快速沉积岩层物质发生反应,在岩层界限部位聚集富含镍、铜等金属元素的非混合相态的硫化物,并伴随后期构造作用改造形成不同规模和品位的矿床。

       

      Abstract: Magmatic sulphide deposit was rich in nickel,copper and other base metals elements,partly full with Platinum Group Elements(PGE).This kind of deposit account for 60% of the world`s nickel production,and also one of the most active exploration target in the mineral market.The Sudbury basin in Ontario is a world-class magmatic nickel sulphide camp,following first discovery,dozens of mines were putting into production on the surround boundary of Sudbury.According to the predecessors` comprehensive research,Sudbury basin was considerate as origin from outer space meteorolite impact.Clear exogene processes is help for researching clear meaning of magmatic sulphide deposit origin.The brief summary of Sudbury nickel sulphide deposit was:The outer space impact fractured the earth`s crust,the deep fractures themselves arouse and influence the magmatic exhalation,lead to the magma reacting after mixture with the upper sedimentary bedding.On the contact surface,the dense metal-rich immiscible liquid including nickel,copper etc.accumulation rapidly.Finally,it formed to magmatic sulphide deposit with different form,size and grade,by the affection of tectonic deformation.

       

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