Abstract: In order to prevent mineral resources from disrupting supply and improve its support ability,it is necessary to establish mineral resources reserve system.Based on the predecessors'research achievements,and successful experimence abroad,this paper divided the mineral reserve into strategic reserves,regulation reserves and turnover reserves.After clarifying the relationship between resources,assets and capital in the field of mineral resources,we ascertain Subject and Object of the various reserves.According to charateristics and purposes of mineral resources reserve,we devised the corresponding measuring model to determine the size of all kinds of reserves by the method of break-even analysis.This study concluded that:for the shortage of mineral resources,strategic reserves can alleviate resource constraints,and thus the reserve object should focus on the mineral reserves;For the advantage of mineral resources,regulating reserve can realize resource advantage to economic advantage,therefore the reserve object should focus on mining right reserves.Finally,we suggest that our country should establish reserve planning and institutions as soon as possible,and improve the mineral resources reserve system and design the reserves database.