Abstract: The development status, working principle and system structure of the β-ray dust measurement technology, which has played a important role in on-line monitoring of coal mine dust, are introduced in this paper. The difference between β-ray dust measurement technology with other methods have also been proposed in the paper. Futhermore, we also study the Application of β-ray measurement techniques in the coal mine dust Monitoring , getting the use result, and put forward the solutions which can be used to improving measurement accuracy of the technology.