Abstract: According to domestic oil and gas target and task during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan, this paper discussed the exploration priority, including:stressing the East of China oil exploration, Central and West of China oil exploration and the offshore oil exploration; developing the Central and West of China gas exploration and the offshore gas exploration; strengthening the estimate of oil and gas investigation for the long term plan. This paper offered some proposals, such as:enhancing basic geological work for investment system; taking technical research for the technical level; advancing competitive system for the management of oil and gas; encouraging exploration of oil and gas in abyssal sea for utilizing of low grade resource; speeding the exploration of natural gas for the development of coal-seam gas; establishing oversea risk exploration system and enhancing cooperation with surrounding countries;treasuring petroleum and alternative resource, leading the rational consumption; smoothing the relationship of the benefit's assignment and maintaining the oil productive order.