Abstract: The safety,quality,schedule and cost risk factor index system is identified and established in the whole process of a coal mine construction project in this paper.In order to solve the chaotic problem of coal mine project risk factors,risk factors are optimized by "rough set theory" firstly.Meanwhile,based on the feature of coal construction,the common risk factors are extracted in mine construction,ground construction and equipment installation engineer to form the common risk module by module administration idea,and the special risk modules of three subprojects are gained to establish three-dimensional and modularized risk index system of coal construction,which provides an important theoretical basis for risk management.