Abstract: The results indicated that Fixed Assets Investment has been rapid increased in the mining field in China during 10 years from 2001 to 2010. The investment on geological exploration, mining and separating industry and minerals manufacture with the ratio of the total Fixed Assets Investment in the mining field was 4%,36% and 60% respectively. Investment structure was unbalance seriously which generate deficiency of raw materials and mining development. The increasing speed of main mining resources reserve was lower than that of consumption. The Fixed Assets Investment of mining and separating industry and minerals manufacture were basically identical to that of the whole country in China. Some investment of mineral industry was too high which indicated surplus production capacity in such mineral industry. Energy, mineral manufacture of chemical material and that of Non-Metallic mineral was main investment object of mining and mineral manufacture respectively. It is very important to built dynamic monitoring database of mineral reserves and mineral rights, reform evaluation system of mineral reserves, adjust key work, guide the balance of mining development with defining investment structure in mining field as the barometer.