Abstract: Zhundong region of Xinjiang is known for its rich coal resources,while the ecological environment is very fragile.Open pit mining activities in recent years will result in surface soil disturbance,ecological problems,such as dust and vegetation deterioration.In order to explore the scientific countermeasures of ecological safety in arid zone opencast,Shenhua Xinjiang Energy Co.,Ltd,which has been put into operation and the production capacity is 900,000 tons/year after the technical innovation,was chosen for the study.The paper set the time point at 2007,2009 and 2013,the appropriate ecological security evaluation factors were selected in the pressure-state-response model framework,then the evaluation index system of ecological was built and the opencast coal mine safety was comprehensively evaluated with principal component analysis and the ecological security level was defined.The results show:the mine in 2007 ecology security is a critical security state,in 2009 in a relatively unsafe condition,in 2013 beyond the ecological security classification extremely unsafe minimum,mine ecological security situation is grim.The paper recommends the local government to construct ecological security monitoring and early warning system as soon as possible,strictly control the emissions sources,strictly control the water consumption,while the focus on ecological restoration work of the dump to alleviate the growing contradiction between coal mining,economic development and environmental protection.