Abstract: For years,with the stable and rapid development of China's economy,there sustains a high demand in mineral resources and the increasing pressure on environmental pollution,and especially under the circumstance that the central announced to accelerate the transformation of economic development mode,how to resolve the overcapacity of mineral resources exploitation and extending the idea of efficient,economical,and intensive mineral resources usage become the main concerns of mineral resources management department,against current mining background,best allocating resources,and improving the quality and quantity of economic development.According to the current situation of mineral resources exploitation and utilization and based on the perspectives of rational mineral resources exploitation and utilization as well as ecology civilization construction,this paper compares and studies the relationship between mineral resources usage and GDP growth of each developed country and further beneficially explores on how to utilize mineral resources in the new era to sustainably promote China's economy development.