Abstract: At present,the potash resource of world is rich and centered. The supply and demand of potash resource is separate. The world potash trade has formed the oligopoly. The soluble potash resource is scarce in China. In the future,China needs more potash resource,but the supply of domestic potash resource is shortage. This paper introduced the situation of global potash resource and the supply and demand of potash in China briefly. Basis on these,this paper analyzed 4 factors which influence security of potash resource in China. These factors included: higher potash resource external dependence; concentrated import of potash resource; the supply and demand of domestic potash fertilizer is separate; higher cost of domestic potash fertilizer. Finally,this paper indicated several suggestions to protect the safety of potash resources in China. These suggestions included: ① enhance domestic supplying capacity; ② increase the extent of "going out"; ③ stabilize the source of import and distribute the proportion of import reasonable; ④ distribute domestic potash fertilizer production reasonable and reduce the cost of potash fertilizer; ⑤ participate in the global competition of potash resources actively.