Abstract: National Mineral Resource Planning poonted out that from 2008 to 2015, China will establish a mineral reserve mechanism, the establishment of 10-20 medium-sized coal mine field of special and scarce coals, 10-30 medium, and large reserves of important minerals mineral reserves.This indicates that China’s mineral reserves have been put on the agenda.In this paper, we give a in-depth analysis on affecting factors from programmatic document, industrial restructuring, natural resource endowments and human economic activity.