Abstract: The bottle problem of preventing the roadway caving has been analyzed carefully in the present bolt support design method.The latest bolt support's design method in the roadway-the design of tracking on whole line has been pointed out.The topic technology of the method lies on both the structure detection of the roof rock in prior support and micro-deformed monitor in final.The two topic technologies can be realized by detecting structure instrument of the roof rock and micro-deformed monitoring instrument.The s detecting structure instrument of the roof rock is integrated in the pneumatic bolt drill and data processing is adopted BP algorithm of mature net to identify the structure.So that the roof micro-deformed monitoring can be equipped on the roof bolt conveniently and which is more prior in terms of detecting density,cycle and precision in comparison with others'.Among execution,detecting and amending in the same time can be implemented in this design method.The method has been applied in the practice in some mine and resulted well.