Abstract: Safety investment is an important guarantee of enterprises safety production.Aiming at the problem of the insufficient safety investment in private mining enterprises,this paper establishes a safety investment incentive model based on multi-task principal-agent theory,analyzes the factors influencing safety investment of private mining enterprise,and provides advice for local government in order to make supervision policies and design effective incentive mechanism.Main conclusions:①Strengthen the supervision and control efforts to improve enterprise safety investment using the economic instruments;② Weaken the incentive of enterprise productive work appropriately;③Enhance enterprise operator’s awareness that safety is benefit;④Implement different incentives to the different enterprise operators according to their risk appetite.