Abstract: The benefication test of a low-grade gold ore was performed. The optimal roughing conditions were achieved by optimizing the influence factors of flotation index, they are grinding size of 85% -200mesh, pH is 8.5, and modifier dosage of Na₂CO₃ is 1500g/t,and flotation concentrationis 31%, and reagent collector dosage of butyl xanthate is 60 g/t, and iol is 35 g/t. Laboratory test through a flotation flowsheet of "one-stage roughing, three-stage cleaning and two-stage scaveng ing" at the optimal operating condition was performed. The gold with the grade of 29.8 g/t and the recovery of 94.59% can be obtained. It showed that this low-grade primary gold ore can be andvancly enriched by flotation.