Abstract: Coal sector is the key sector to develop low-carbon economy. According to the requirement for coal industry to develop low-carbon economy, by introducing technological indicators of carbon emission reduction and indicators of reducing, reusing, and recycling, the low-carbon performance evaluation indicator system of coal industry was established herein. Based on the objective, scientific and concrete cloud model, comprehensive evaluation on the low-carbon performance of coal industry in Heilongjiang Province was made by cloud model evaluation method. And the final evaluation value was 0.3889, tending to be poor. Finally, the evaluation results were analyzed and the main factors were identified restricting low-carbon economy development of coal industry in Heilongjiang Province, which are unreasonable mining and utilization of coal resources, serious resource waste, single product structure, low coal conversion level and comprehensive utilization rate, outdated coal resource development and comprehensive utilization technology impacting the development in the future, and difficulty in financing low-carbon economy development. This paper will provide theoretical evidence and reference for government to make and implement the policies to develop low-carbon economy.