Abstract: Controlling carbon dioxide emissions play an important role in realizing the target of China's carbon intensity as carbon dioxide is thought to be the main greenhouse gas.Firstly,this paper construct the index decomposition model of carbon dioxide and decompose China's current total of carbon dioxide emissions into 11 factors based on the relevant statistical data of 1997-2010 and LMDI;Then,obtain that positive factors such as the economic output,per capita GDP and the level of urbanization play a catalytic role in the growth of carbon dioxide emissions,conversely negative factors such as energy consumption intensity of various departments,the proportion of the rural population and the proportion of the provincial department structure play an inhibitory effect in the growth of carbon dioxide emissions by analysis and calculation;Further,indicate the development direction of China's carbon dioxide emissions in order to provide the beneficial reference for the practice of carbon dioxide emission reduction based on the analysis of the model.