Abstract: The development course of oil and gas resources supervision and management system in China was simply introduced,and the current status of oil and gas resources supervision and management was analyzed.Aiming at the problems,such as the structure of inspection team is not perfect and team member mobility,inspector means and ways are single and simple,inspectors work is not timely and no plans,the inspectors in shale gas field is urgent needed,etc..The corresponding recommendations were put out,including establish the inspector mode "first grade certification,second grade supervision",build a strong inspector team and strengthen supervision on tenement people,propel building the new inspector mechanism,etc..The analysis conclusions are reference for the oil and gas resources supervision and management in China.