Abstract: The abilities of industrial structure transformation are the possibility and the basic situations which keep the industrial structure to suit the changing of market and support a good circumstance for regional industrial evolution and the development of economy so that it can boost in a sustainable,stable,and harmonious way.Comparison researches of its ability will be beneficial to know the relative variation status of regional industrial structure.With principal components analysis,this paper is based on the regional industrial structure comparison theory,and analyzed the industrial structure transformation capability of 20 mining cities in the western area of China.The result shows that some elements are significant to promote regional industrial structure adjustment and evolution,such as the demand level,the investment level,characteristics of industrial structure,the local regional openness,and the local innovation ability.It will mainly be helpful to make development strategies of regional industry for primary mining cities and provide references for promoting optimization and upgrading of regional industrial structure.