Abstract: The development of china's mineral resources imposes serious impact on the ecological environment.It is of great importance to study the comprehensive development & utilization and the pollution control in the face of pressure on mineral resource imposed by the population growth,rapid economic development and the requirement of the coordinated development of economy and environment.The paper introduces the discharge and utilization of waste in the process of China's mineral resource development and the comprehensive utilization policy of mineral resource adopted home and abroad,analyzes the impact on ecological environment imposed by the mineral resource development and proposes the suggestions on strengthening the comprehensive development & utilization and the pollution control.