Abstract: RS and GIS technology were used to research landscape structure change caused by coal mining in Beiguan coal mine area in Shanxi province.The result shows that landscape disturbance was obvious in complex terrain mine area.In the study area the fragmentation index and division index of six landscape type had different variation.Dry land fragmentation index was the minimum and the patch was complete,while bare land had the most division index and distributed sporadically.The overall landscape quality and stability of mine area had a declining trend,landscape contagion index dropped from 56.1% to 52.2% between 2000 and 2010.Mining area landscape types had different topographic distribution characteristics and the layout related to the agricultural production and industrial activities.With the coal mining,the average slope and main aspect area proportion of different kinds of land had subtle changes.