Abstract: This paper puts forward that if coal industry was a fully competitive market structure,the coal enterprise cannot afford the cost of social responsibility;and if it was a regional duopoly market structure,the coal enterprise has the ability to bear social responsibility cost.In this paper,the bending of the demand curve,price leadership style and cartel mode to argue and instructions were used demonstration and explain that.The bend demand curve proves that so long as the coal enterprise bear the social responsibility cost,its marginal cost curve’s change not beyond a certain range,the best price and the optimal production decision of the coal enterprise always unchanged;Price leadership model shows that if the leader enterprise first assume certain social responsibility cost,and internalization of its cost,so its prices will rise,therefore,its product pricing strategy is high price,and then other enterprise keep up with the price.Cartel mode descriptions,if there are regional coal cartel,that is the feasibility for the coal enterprise bear the social responsibility cost,because in the coal cartel,after each coal enterprise bear the social responsibility cost,they can through the changes in jointly price,total production and their respective for digest the social responsibility cost,and do not affect its profits.