Abstract: Environmental risk assessment is a cross-cutting discipline about risk theory and ecology,biology,environmental science,geology as well as other subjects.Taking the soil environmental systems in mines as the object,this paper introduced several risk assessment methods for heavy metal contamination of soil in mines at home and abroad,including test,index method,vitro gastrointestinal method,mathematics model method and so on.The suitable assessment method according to the goal of study and the pollution characteristic can provide the scientific information for the risk management and assessment of soil in mines.