Abstract: The callback event of non-governmentally-run oilfield in the north of ShanXi was called transforming private wealth into nation-owned assets.With the upgrading of contradiction between local government and the owners of non-governmentally-run oilfield in 2005,the affair is paid attention to more and more.In the paper,the ultimate reason that different favorable main bodies chase mine rent is pointed out from the economics of nonrenewable resource.There is contradiction between nation-owned enterprise and local government.But,local government put up governmental opportunism in the callback.The owners of non-governmentally-run oilfield became the victim of the scrambling for oil resource between nation-owned enterprise and local government.Finally,we point put that preventing the non-governmentally-run firm which has no aptitude for exploitation oil is right,but the private assets must been buy not reclaimed by force.