Abstract: In order to improve energy security and reduce oil dependence on foreign,it is imperative to decompose potential factors influencing oil consumption increase in the past.This study analyses oil consumption change on national and six industries,using by decomposition technique approach in 1980~2012 causing by four factors.The results indicate that Economic output is the main contributing factors pulling oil consumption growth in the country and each industry,while inhibition comes mainly from the energy consumption intensity.Moreover,output effect and energy intensity effect in transportation and industry sector is the most significant.Energy structure plays a negative role in the national,industry and other sector(Non-material production sector) and positive role in the agriculture,construction,transportation and business sector.Last,the fossil energy substitution effect of national oil consumption is positive.It is because that the positive substitution effect of industrial fossil energy in industry sector is stronger than the negative effect in others.In future,the main way to control China’s oil consumption is reducing economic output effect.It is essential to reduce economic dependence on energy in the process of economic development,and improve energy structure through policy support and energy efficiency through technological improvements.