Abstract: To implement the important mineral resources strategy “Belt and Road”，also leading Chinese enterprises to achieve brilliant geological outcomes in the Kingdom of Cambodia，the Longshan gold deposit in Preah-Vihear Province of Cambodia have been investigated in field geology，sample testing and indoor information analysis.The preliminary analysis has been taken that the mining area located in Mojiang-Lifu-Luo wenzhun volcano arc metallogenic belt.It’s strongly erupted by magmatic in Indosinian and Yanshan period.The ore body occurs in intermediate-acidic diorite and granodiorite.Those are mainly controlled in vein and saccate by compressive torsional structure in Luowenzhen fornix.The wall rock alteration is mainly pyritization，silicification and sericitization，etc.This gold deposit is namely Volcanic Hydrothermal Filling Alteration of quartz vein type，because of the ore deposit is characteristics of located in the volcano arc zone，shallow buried depth and high grade，etc..Therefore，it is mainly divided into three stages which are quartz pyrite，quartz sulfide and carbonate.