Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to point the research status and the problem existing in structure design of shaft in depth soil at the present time,and present countermeasure.The problem of when retaining wall plain ground pressure formula and heavy liquid theory formula are applied in structure design of shaft in depth soil are confirmed.The secondary ground pressure of vertical shaft is pointed to exist in sedimentation of soil.The rupture mechanism of shaft lining is explained.Finally,the countermeasure of optimization design of shaft lining structure is presented according to the theory of stress state.