Abstract: Currently, the village and township coal mine accidents have occurred frequently.And it becomes the difficult Problems of the mine safety supervision.The legal problems on supervision is reflected in three areas:incomplete surveillance system, local legal cultural constraints and the poor safeguard rights awareness of migrant miners. In light of these problems, the article proposes the following counter measures: to establish the the enforcement authority of the Safety Supervision bureau, to seek the interaction of the folk law and the constitutional law, to enact the "miners law".