Abstract: The rise of emerging economies such as China and India has made the Asia-Pacific region become an important oil consumption center.With the future increase in oil demand and the international oil market turmoil，oil supply security issues will become a major challenge for China and India.Based on the present situation of China and India’s oil consumption and trade status，the paper analyzes the change of the source of crude oil in India from 2006 to 2015 through H index and risk index.The results show that the risk index has a negative correlation with the diversification of its import source.India benefited from the global allocation strategy for oil resources，to achieve a diversification of oil imports，significantly reducing the crude oil import risk index.In the future，China and India will inevitably compete in the supply of crude oil.For the two countries，the high coinciding with the source of imports makes the chance greater than the challenge.The two countries should strengthen cooperation in the field of oil and jointly maintain a stable oil supply environment.