Abstract: The chemical composition, mineral composition and particle size distribution of copper mine tailings from Sichuan province were analyzed, the results show that mainly mineral compositions are quartz and albite, and the particle size distribution concentrate from 40 meshes to 140 meshes. The preparation technology of lightweight baking-free brick was teeming, ramming and ramming in turn using the copper mine tailings as aggregate, appropriate amount of cement as binder, lime as activator, concrete foaming agent and waste polystyrene foam particles as pre-hole agent, respectively. And the density and compressive strength of the lightweight baking-free brick prepared by different ratio of raw material and curing condition were measured. The results show the dry bulk density of lightweight baking-free brick was only as much as 1/2 to 2/3 of solid shale brick, but the compressive strength is up to 3.6-10.4 MPa when the mass percent of copper mine tailings is 70% to 80%. And the results also show the lightweight baking-free brick is applicable to used as load or non-load bearing fill-up block masonry, and also is a kind of low power and environmentally friendly walling material.