Abstract: The characteristics of deformation and failure of deep roadway at Jiahe coal mine are obtained by field investigation, the reasons of deformation and failure are analyzed preliminaryily. The ground stress is tested by hollow inclusion stress measurement method, and the distribution law of the ground stress and the relationship with areal geologic structure are analyzed. The characteristics of the surrounding rockmass in deep roadway are analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopic test, X-ray diffraction test and laboratory physical mechanics experiment. Finally, the type of the surrounding rockmass is determined to be tapical high stess-jionted-swelling one with the composite deformation mechanical mechanism, which provides scientific basis for the support design.