Abstract: It impeded sustainable economic development,as a result of a series of problems like ecological destruction,environment pollution and resource depletion,which caused by the long-term largescale mining of rare metal mineral resources.Therefore,the eco-compensation of rare metal mineral resources has special significance.This paper discusses the ecological compensation significance,basic principles, ecological compensation standards,funding sources of ecological compensation and other issues on the basis of the emergency of the development of rare metal mineral resources and its specialties of scarcity,depletion and irrefragable.In the establishment of the ecological compensation mechanism for rare metal mineral resources exploitation,we propose that it should be taken into consideration of both the speeding up the legal system construction of ecological compensation and perfecting the measures of ecological compensation mechanism.