Abstract: The paper aims to reveal the control factors of gangue dump spontaneous combustion in Dongsheng mining area through the systematic analysis of gangue dump spontaneous combustion and field investigation.The main control factors are moisture content,residual coal content,its oxidation properties and the mode and place of stack of the coal gangue,carbonaceous sedimentary rock and exotic combustibles.At the base of this,the paper divided the gangue dump spontaneous combustion into four types.There are high-sulfur combustion,moisture catalytic,oxidation of residual coal and exotic combustibles leads to burn.The results of the research have certain reference significance for the research and govern of gangue dump spontaneous combustion in Dongsheng mining area and other place.