Abstract: Three north-south greenstone belts are developed in the northern part of Madagascar island, known as the Tsaratanana greenstone belts collectively.The belts formed in the late Archean, mainly composed of mafic and felsic gneiss, schist, intruded by the late Proterozoic magma intensely, and metamorphosed and deformed.Study on its formation and evolution could provide information for the study of the earth’s early information and the Rodinia and Gondwana supercontinent evolution.The greenstone belts are rich in gold, iron, nickel, vanadium titanium and other mineral resources.The quartz vein type gold deposit and BIF iron ore are related with the Archean metamorphic rocks, and the chromium and nickel(cobalt), vanadium titanium magnetite associated with late Proterozoic mafic-ultramafic complex.There are also a large number of the residual- alluvial type placer gold.