Abstract: In order to solve the problems of storage, sharing and reuse of geological scientific data, the National Geological Archives of China has carried out research and practice on the geological scientific data publication.Based on the geological scientific data publication from the National Geological Archives of China, this paper discusses the concepts, processes, and DOI application systems used to protect the intellectual property rights of data authors.Geological scientific data publishing is to publish various data generated or sorted out during the work of geologist according to certain normative standards, so that other users can discover, acquire, understand, re-analyze and utilization data, and quote in scientific research.The geological scientific data publication includes eight procedure.Geological scientific data publishing supported by DOI technology can effectively protect the intellectual property rights of data producers and evaluate the effectiveness of data citations.