Abstract: Using the DEA-BCC model, we comprehensively evaluated the ecological efficiency of coal use in Hunan province from 2004 to 2015, and which is optimized designed.The results show that only in 2004, 2013 and 2015 the ecological efficiency of coal use in Hunan province is effective.In the integrated inefficiency nine years, the pure technical efficiency is effective in 2012, but the scale efficiency is ineffective.For the other eight years, the pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are both ineffective, and the scale returns are decreasing.Except 2008, 2012 and 2014, for the integrated inefficiency year the scale efficiency is lower than the pure technical efficiency.The ecological coal use optimizing in Hunan province mainly focus on input index of coal consumption and three output indexes of industrial SO₂ emission (fuel combustion), industrial dust emission and constant-price GDP from 2005 to 2011.For the situation of coal use green development and the actual problems we put forward the countermeasures to improve the ecological efficiency of coal use in Hunan province, set up a green consumption system and the concept of coal green consumption, promote the innovation of coal green technologies, and vigorously develop the circular economy.