Abstract: The purpose of comprehensive assessment of mineral resources conditions is to meet the different needs of various stages of the mining development process.Using principal components analysis method, this paper makes a comprehensive evaluation of the natural endowment conditions of mineral resources.In the exploration stage, this method decides the priority of exploration and development.In the construction stage, this method provides guidance for the valuation of mining rights.In the mining stage, this method analyzes the economic benefits of each ore body.To take the main ore body of the four gold mines as an example, this paper introduces how to apply the principal component analysis method in the comprehensive evaluation of mineral natural endowments.And then, the principal component analysis is carried out from two aspects:natural abundance and different mining conditions.The results show that B ore body has the best comprehensive natural endowment conditions.Through in-depth study on the comprehensive evaluation of mineral resources, this paper obtains the conclusion that it is related to the characteristics of specific minerals how to choice the evaluation index.