Abstract: As USA oil production leapt to the world's first place, the old pattern of OPEC leading the world's oil supply became history, and a new pattern of three-legged including USA, OPEC and Russia was initially formed.Under the new pattern, the United States is actively seeking the leadership of international oil affairs.It can intervene in the international oil development order with its national petroleum industry policies, fiscal and financial policies, foreign economic sanctions and military measures.Therefore,China's energy security is exposed to supply risk, price risk, transportation risk and even petroleum war.It is necessary for China to actively carry out the energy diplomacy with major energy powers, develop the monetary and financial systems related to oil transactions, construct domestic energy security capabilities by using revolutionary informational technologies, systematically deploy international petroleum security capabilities, and vigorously develop maritime armaments to ensure energy transportation security.