Abstract: The western region is an important coal production and consumption region in China.Clarifying the intrinsic link between industrial sulfur dioxide emissions and coal production and consumption is important to energy conservation and emission reduction and regional sustainable development.This paper calculates the impact of coal production and consumption on industrial sulfur dioxide emissions in quantity and space in eight western provinces by constructing relevant analytical method and improves barycenter model.The results show that coal production and consumption are correlated with industrial sulfur dioxide emissions in the annual value and annual growth rate.The barycenter of coal production moves back and forth between Gansu province and Shaanxi province.The barycenter of coal consumption moved within Gansu province, and the barycenter of industrial sulfur dioxide emissions moved from Gansu province to Sichuan province.Compared with coal production, the correlation between industrial sulfur dioxide emissions and coal consumption are more obvious.To reduce industrial sulfur dioxide emissions, improve the ecological environment, and achieve sustainable development of the region, the western region must pay more attention to reducing the use of coal, reasonably controlling coal mining, and promoting regional energy structure transformation.