Abstract: In order to investigate the deformation and failure of overlying strata and the evolution of rock caving in Hongnipo copper mine, similar simulation tests are used to carry out relevant studies.The results show that under open stope condition, when mining in third sublevel, stope roof caving at height of 8-10 m, the overlying strata displacement is about 0.1-0.3 m, with continue to mining the height of caving will reach about 29 m and the displacement of overlying strata will reach 0.6 m.While the first sublevel is mined, the change of overburden stress state has developed to the local area of the layer near the ground, when mining in second sublevel, the influence of the near surface layer due to underground stoping activities is increases gradually and the deformation rules of overlying strata presented a non-uniform state, the stress field near surface layer will be significantly affected if continue to excavate, the research results have theoretical significance for mine production planning and strata control.