Abstract: In view of the social problems caused by the development and utilization of mineral resources, from the perspective of sociology, the authors define its connotation, and analyzes various maladjustment problems caused by the development and utilization of mineral resources, including the following six aspects:the ecological environment problems caused by the development and utilization of mineral resources, the problems of resource depletion and succession, the problems of regional benefit inequality and compensation, the problems of equity, the problems of social behaviour of mining enterprises and other derivative problems related to the development of mineral resources.In order to adapt to the social problems arising from the development and utilization of mineral resources, the strategies of “internalization” of external costs, promoting the in-depth development of mining industry, reconstructing the mechanism of income distribution, and strengthening enterprises to fulfil their social ethical responsibilities are put forward, constructing a new interactive governance way of corporate autonomy-government regulation-multi-party co-governance and promoting the modernization of mineral resources development and governance.