Abstract: The subsequent filling method is used in underground mining of iron ore, which makes the resources reasonably developed and utilized, and protects the geological environment of the mining area.Based on the analysis of typical iron mine goaf filling, shaft sealing and ramp sealing, the damage of aquifer structure is estimated.The present situation of aquifer damage (influence radius 0.154 km, area 1.097 km²) and its prediction (influence radius 0.362 km, area 2.923 km²) show that the aquifer is seriously damaged.The present situation and prediction of mine geological disasters show that they are less likely to occur.From many aspects of aquifer and geological disaster, the prevention and control measures of geological environment problems are put forward.