Abstract: The protection of the coal pillar stability of the drainage lane is of great significance to the ventilation, drainage, and face installation of the 91 mining area of Wangzhuang coal mine.Using the methods of physical simulation and numerical simulation, the characteristics of surrounding rock displacement, plastic zone development and overlying rock collapse under the conditions of different widths of protective coal pillars during working face mining are studied.The results show that when the width of the coal pillar is 20-40 m, the drainage lane is strongly affected by the working face, which is difficult to meet the production requirements.The plastic zone of the drainage lane increases with the decrease of the coal pillar width, and the coal pillar cracks develop.When the width of the coal pillar is 50-90 m, the drainage road is not affected by the mining face, the maximum displacement of the roadway roof, the maximum displacement of the two sides, and the size of the plastic zone do not change.The maximum displacement of the roof and bottom plates and the two sides are 117 mm and 45 mm respectively.In combination with the geological conditions of the site, when the shortest distance between the opening cut of the working face of 91 mining area and the drainage lane is 80 m, the drainage lane is not affected by the mining of the working face and can meet the requirements of safe and efficient production in the entire 91 mining area.