Abstract: The Yellow River basin is an important energy basin in China.Large scale coal mining has seriously damaged the local ecological environment.In this regard, it is an important measure to make clear the current situation of ecological environment damage in the Yellow River basin and carry out regional implementation to ensure the ecological security and sustainable coal mining in the Yellow River basin and realize the high-quality development of the basin.Based on the research on ecological restoration of the Yellow River basin by domestic scholars, this paper analyzes the control technology and engineering practice of ecological restoration in various regions.The results show that in order to restore vegetation and protect frozen soil, artificial planting and soil restoration technology are studied in alpine region; in loess area and sandstorm area, subsidence area is treated and protected for the purpose of protecting water resources.In the alluvial plain area, soil reconstruction, goaf utilization and wetland construction are mainly carried out.Finally, the shortcomings of Yellow River basin coal mining area in governance technology, concept, high-tech application and multidisciplinary integration are clarified.