Abstract: With the development of driverless and artificial intelligence technology, the rail transportation system of driverless electric locomotive has been widely used in mines.The mature application of driverless rail transportation system in underground mine solves the problems of long-term management difficulty, low transportation efficiency and poor safety performance in traditional mine transportation.Therefore, in this paper, according to the special environment of underground mine, using the two-dimensional laser measurement principle, a set of underground mine rail transportation track detection system is designed, which realizes the non-contact dynamic detection of mine transportation track gauge, and carries on the field test of the gauge detection system.The test results show that the non-contact dynamic track gauge detection system of underground mine rail transportation can adapt to the underground mine environment with high precision, improve the efficiency of mine track detection, meet the requirements of unmanned transportation system for track detection, and escort the unmanned rail transportation system of underground mine.