杜灿, 童英, 郭磊, 王涛, 侯贺晟. 草原石林:东北亚早白垩世花岗岩伸展穹隆和岩浆成矿爆发的地质遗迹及其形成过程[J]. 中国矿业, 2022, 31(1): 182-186. DOI: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.2022.01.019
    引用本文: 杜灿, 童英, 郭磊, 王涛, 侯贺晟. 草原石林:东北亚早白垩世花岗岩伸展穹隆和岩浆成矿爆发的地质遗迹及其形成过程[J]. 中国矿业, 2022, 31(1): 182-186. DOI: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.2022.01.019
    DU Can, TONG Ying, GUO Lei, WANG Tao, HOU Hesheng. Stone forest in grass land: geoheritage of early cretaceous extensional granitic dome and magma-related metallogenic eruption in NE Asia and its formation process[J]. CHINA MINING MAGAZINE, 2022, 31(1): 182-186. DOI: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.2022.01.019
    Citation: DU Can, TONG Ying, GUO Lei, WANG Tao, HOU Hesheng. Stone forest in grass land: geoheritage of early cretaceous extensional granitic dome and magma-related metallogenic eruption in NE Asia and its formation process[J]. CHINA MINING MAGAZINE, 2022, 31(1): 182-186. DOI: 10.12075/j.issn.1004-4051.2022.01.019

    草原石林:东北亚早白垩世花岗岩伸展穹隆和岩浆成矿爆发的地质遗迹及其形成过程

    Stone forest in grass land: geoheritage of early cretaceous extensional granitic dome and magma-related metallogenic eruption in NE Asia and its formation process

    • 摘要: 东北亚地区至少发育9个大型草原石林,属花岗岩石林的一种,是东北亚早白垩世巨量伸展、第四系冰川和风化作用的共同产物,主要特点是发育密集的近水平节理。本文通过整理岩浆岩专题填图和构造研究发现,这些石林的主体是早白垩世东北亚地区巨量伸展过程中形成众多的不对称花岗岩穹隆或同减薄岩体,岩体边部发育韧性剪切带,核部发育近水平岩浆流动面理,伸展和岩浆多期侵位导致与成矿密切相关的岩浆热液大量上涌,岩体抬升至地表,沿岩浆面理发育密集的近水平节理和部分垂直节理,后期沿这些构造面理发生的物理风化和化学作用(包括风蚀、冰川以及盐风化等)造就了千奇百怪的形态。草原石林是花岗岩地貌中的“另类”,不仅具有指示东北亚地区花岗岩形成时代(早白垩世)的特点,也是寻找晚中生代中国北方大规模成矿的良好标志体,而且风化形成的千姿百态的景色极具观赏价值,可以作为整个蒙古草原地区和大兴安岭南段地区特色的地学科普和生态旅游资源。

       

      Abstract: Nine stone forests are developed in northeast Asia, which are one of types of granitic stone forest.They are the results caused by both early cretaceous huge extension in NE Asia and quaternary glacier and weathering.They represented by developments of intensive sub-horizontal joints which studied by geologists and geomorphologists.Based on the data of mapping and research, numerous asymmetric granitic domes and syn-thinning plutons occurred during the widespread early cretaceous extension in NE Asia, which have ductile shear zones in the margin and sub-horizontal magmatic foliation developed in the core.Due to the denudation and uplift of the extension structures and plutons, massive magmatic hydrothermal materials upwelling and intensive sub-horizontal occurred along the earlier magmatic foliations.Later physical and chemical weathering including wind erosion, glacier and salt led to the development of sub-horizontal joints, which make a series strange forms of the granitic pluton.Stone forest in grass land is an “weird type” in granite geomorphology.They implied geochronological features of early cretaceous granites and can be regarded as the ore-hunting indicators in NE Asia.They also had high ornamental values, which have distinguishing characteristics of geology popular science and ecotourism in the whole Mongolia grass land and southern segment of the Great Xing’an Range.

       

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