Abstract: According to the problem of frequent occurrence of rock bursts in the 4^# coal seam of Huafeng Coal Mine, a combination of theoretical analysis and field experiment is adopted to study the initiation mechanism and energy source of rock burst under the coupling effect of complex mining technology factors and a variety of typical geological conditions.And to research on prevention and control measures.Firstly, to analyze the source of initiated rock burst energy of 4^# coal seam 1411 working face.By establishing a mechanical model for the dynamic and static load of the square coal body and surrounding rock structure in front of the working face, the analytical solution of the stress at any point inside the coal body in the burst-initiation zone is obtained.In addition, according to the elastoplastic theory, through the maximum, intermediate and minimum principal stresses obtained from the transformation of principal stress plane deflection, the analytical solution of the elastic strain energy stored in the unit coal body at any location in the burst-initiation zone is obtained, and various factors are analyzed according to the actual engineering parameters on site the influence on the internal stress and energy distribution of coal.Combining the analytical solution of the mechanical model, the numerical simulation experiment and the results of on-site recording parameters, the initiation, transmission and appearance of the rock burst in front of the work are predicted and analyzed.Through the analysis of the weight of the influencing factors of rock burst, it is found that reducing the strength of the roof through hydraulic fracturing or reducing the length of the cantilever beam of the main roof by water jet cutting the roof should have a higher priority than measures such as protection layer mining and pressure relief.