Green mine construction is a crucial initiative to reduce or eliminate the damage of extensive mining to the environment, to improve energy security and climate change resistance, and to build efficient utilization of mineral resources, resource and environment friendly and ecological restoration in the new context.At present, small mines only account for 9.3% of China's green mine list, hinting at the significance of promoting small green mine construction for the ecological civilization in China's mining sector.By reviewing the green development concept of the international mining industry, the construction and development of green mines in China, and the research status of provincial green mine construction, this paper conducts a case study of a small gold mine in Henan Province, including its construction status, key project construction and construction evaluation results.As the results indicate, the mine has reached the provincial green mine construction standard, highlighting the guidance of provincial mine construction standard for small mines.Through research and case analysis of green mines in China, this paper identifies the defects in small green mine construction, such as weak "ecology first" concept, poor financial risk-taking capacity, insufficient scientific research investment and innovation ability, and puts forward corresponding suggestions, with a view to boosting the construction and development of China's small green mines.