Based on the statistics of production safety accidents in coal mines and non-coal mines in China from 2017 to 2021, this paper compares and analyzes the characteristics of accidents in coal mines and non-coal mines from four aspects, including main accident types, underground mine disasters, violations of laws and regulations, and tailing pond safety risks.It carries out exploration and research on the laws of safety production situation in coal mines and non-coal mines.According to the statistics of accidents and comparative analysis of accident laws, it focuses on increasing the prevention and control of major disasters suggestions for the next step of mine safety production are put forward in five aspects, including strengthening the precise law enforcement, promoting the intelligent construction of mines, standardizing the employment of labor in non-coal mines, and strengthening the construction of emergency rescue forces.The research conclusion of this paper provides theoretical support for improving the overall mine safety production level, and has important significance for promoting the sustainable and stable improvement of mine safety production situation.