我国采矿业能源消费碳排放时空分异与驱动因素分析

    Analysis on spatio-temporal differentiation and driving factors of carbon emission from energy consumption of mining industry in China

    • 摘要: 采矿业的低碳发展是发展绿色矿业和实现矿业高质量发展的内在要求,对工业领域碳达峰碳中和具有重要意义。本文基于省域视角,运用排放因子法测度了2004—2020年采矿业能源消费CO2排放,利用基尼系数、泰尔指数和LMDI分解法探讨了其时空分异和主要驱动因素。研究结果表明:我国采矿业能源消费CO2排放总量大且先升后降,主要来源于煤炭采选、油气开采行业以及原煤、天然气和柴油消费,单位产值CO2排放先降后升,单位能耗CO2排放缓慢下降。排放地域分布不均、差异较大,主要集中在山东、河北、河南、四川等地;排放差异经历快速上升(2004—2005年)→逐步缩小(2006—2013年)→稳步扩大(2014—2020年)的演变过程;差异主要来自四大区域内部,区域间差异贡献较小但持续提升。产值增长是行业碳排放增长的主要驱动因素,能源强度是关键减排因素,能源结构减排作用较弱。建议加快产业结构绿色转型,提高煤炭类能源清洁高效利用水平,进一步优化能源消费结构,聚焦重点区域和行业,加快综合利用先进技术、设备的研发与应用,大力发展矿业循环经济和推进绿色矿山建设,加强矿山生态保护修复。该研究可为绿色矿山建设、矿业低碳与高质量发展提供支撑和借鉴。

       

      Abstract: The low-carbon development of mining industry is the inherent requirement of the development of green mining industry and the realization of high-quality development of mining industry, and it is of great significance to carbon peak and carbon neutralization in the industrial field. Based on the provincial perspective, this paper uses the emission factor method to measure the CO2 emissions of energy consumption in the mining industry from 2004 to 2020, and discusses its spatio-temporal differentiation and main driving factors by using Gini coefficient, Theil index and LMDI decomposition method. The results show that the total CO2 emission of energy consumption in China’s mining industry is large and shows a trend of rising first and then decreasing, which mainly comes from coal mining, oil and gas mining industry and raw coal, natural gas and diesel consumption. CO2 emissions per unit output value decreased at first and then increased, while CO2 emissions per unit energy consumption decreased slowly. The regional distribution of emissions is uneven and different, mainly concentrated in Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Sichuan and other regions; the emission differences have experienced an evolution process of rapid increase(2004-2005)→gradual reduction (2006-2013)→steady expansion(2014-2020); the differences mainly come from within the four major regions, and the contribution of inter-regional differences is relatively small but continues to improve. The growth of output value is the main driving factor for the growth of carbon emissions in the industry, energy intensity is the key factor for emission reduction, and the effect of energy structure on emission reduction is weak. It is suggested to speed up the green transformation of industrial structure, improve the level of clean and efficient utilization of coal energy, further optimize the structure of energy consumption, focus on key areas and industries, speed up the research and application of advanced technology and equipment for comprehensive utilization, vigorously develop the mining circular economy and promote the construction of green mines, and strengthen the ecological protection and restoration of mines. This study can provide support and reference for green mine construction, mining low-carbon and high-quality development.

       

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