Abstract: Mineral resources have important economic and strategic value for the development of human society. Therefore, researching on the value allocation of mineral resources is of great significance for economic, social, and environmental aspects. The value allocation of mineral resources is influenced by multiple factors such as nature, economy, society, environment, and politics. Methods such as Analytic Hierarchy Process, Grey Relation Analysis, and Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method are used to analyze it. This paper introduces cases such as mineral resource tax reform in Australia, Government Pension Fund Global in Norway, Black Economic Empowerment in South Africa, and cooperation between Chinese mining enterprises and the government. Suggestions on the value allocation of mineral resource are proposed, such as building and improving mining rights and resource tax systems, establishing mining funds, encouraging mining enterprises to fulfill social responsibilities, taking corresponding measures to promote sustainable environmental protection, and maintaining social justice, optimize resource management strategies, and so on. The significance of research on the value allocation of mineral resource lies in creating a balanced framework, so that mineral resource development can not only bring economic benefits, but also meet the needs of society, environment, and regions to the greatest extent possible, and achieve the goal of sustainable development.