Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the spatial evolution of landscape pattern and impact on the farmland in Peibei coal mining area including (a)a land use to significance index, (b) lacnarity index, (c) fractal dimension, had been explored at regional and subsided water scale by using SPOT-4/5 images in 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012; based on coal production and grain yield per hectare, used to the driving factors of subsided waters spatial evolution and impact on the cultivated land. The results show that: ①the land cover has changed significantly, and the transformation types, including cultivated land to water body, water body to cultivated land were the primary types. and cultivated land has high degree of patches fragmentation. The centrality distribution of the water body, and it’s distribution pattern had formed a multicenter; ②coal mining is the main factors that cause the chang of landscape pattern.